Qualitative research method in Türkiye: A systematical overview of doctoral theses in educational sciences

Abstract

This study provides a systematic overview of doctoral theses in the field of educational sciences in Türkiye that use qualitative research methods. To ensure both comprehensiveness and accessibility, the national theses database was reviewed. A total of 491 doctoral theses aligned with the qualitative research paradigm were identified through keyword searches. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques, focusing on various aspects such as research design, sampling methods and groups, data collection tools, data analysis methods, trustworthiness criteria, the researcher’s role, and presentation of findings. The results showed that while certain elements—such as qualitative design types, sampling strategies, and data analysis techniques—were commonly used, other components received less attention. Notably, the presentation of trustworthiness and the role of the researcher were often vague or missing, indicating inconsistency across the theses. Most of the studies lacked sufficient detail regarding the methodological rigor expected in qualitative research. Overall, the findings suggest several methodological shortcomings and a need for improvement in the effective and consistent use of qualitative research methods in doctoral theses in the field of educational sciences in Türkiye. The study emphasizes the importance of providing detailed methodological information and adhering to qualitative research standards to enhance the quality and credibility of future research in this field.