Individualism

Abstract

Individualism in international relations is a theoretical perspective which emphasizes the role and agency of individual actors, particularly states, in shaping the dynamics and outcomes of world politics. The approach has its roots in the emergence of the modern nation-state system and emphasizes state sovereignty, rationality, self-interest and agency. The idea of individualism is linked to the wider idea of the individual in Western Europe which can be traced to the Renaissance, and is seen in the work of nineteenth-century legal scholars. Here, the state is viewed as an individual endowed with agency; it can negotiate treaties, go to war and join international organizations. Individualism has generated significant debates and has implications for the practice of statecraft and for the study of world affairs. As the international system continues to evolve, the relevance and applicability of individualism in international relations is a subject of ongoing discussions.