Acceptance and commitment therapy can reduce emotional eating behavior in Turkish adults: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose: Emotional eating (EE) is a significant clinical feature of eating disorders. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an effective treatment approach for eating disorders. However, the effectiveness of ACT on EE remains unclear. This study aims to develop a new ACT-based intervention and evaluate its effectiveness on EE. Methods: Forty-five females participated and were randomly assigned to either the ACT group (n = 46) or the control group (n = 45). All participants completed validated measures of emotional eating, psychological flexibility, emotion regulation difficulty, and mindful eating at two points: baseline and post-treatment. At one-month follow-up, participants in the ACT group also completed the baseline measures. Results: Post-intervention, EE and psychological inflexibility were significantly reduced, while psychological flexibility and mindful eating were significantly increased in the ACT group compared to the control. At follow-up, the ACT group continued to show significantly lower EE levels. Conclusion: To date, only one study has investigated ACT's effectiveness in addressing EE, using a one-day workshop format, which was considered inadequate for developing acceptance and value clarification skills. This study is the first to adapt traditional ACT practices specifically for EE, with sufficient treatment duration. It is also the first to assess the intervention's impact on psychological flexibility. The results provide preliminary evidence of the potential of an ACT-based approach to reduce EE. Level of evidence: Level I, Evidence obtained from at least one properly designed randomized controlled trial, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses; experimental studies.