Medeni hukuk çerçevesinde Bezm-i Âlem Vakıfları özelinde mazbut vakıflar
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Solmaz Bilici, Meryem
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İbn Haldun Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Cumhuriyetin ilanıyla birlikte Osmanlı Devleti’nden itibaren devam edegelen pek çok mesele gibi vakıflar da çözüm bekleyen ve iktibas üzerine kurulu yeni hukuk sistemine uyarlanması gereken bir kurum olmuştur. Kanun Koyucu, 743 sayılı Türk Kanunu Medenisi ile yeni vakıf - eski vakıf şeklinde bir ayrım benimsemiştir. Buna göre 743 sayılı Kanun’dan sonra kurulacak yeni vakıflara ilişkin ayrı bir rejim belirlenmiş; Osmanlı döneminde kurulup varlığı devam eden eski vakıflar için ise farklı düzenlemelere yer verilmiştir. Eski vakıflar içerisindeki en büyük grup olan ve Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından idare ve temsil edilen mazbut vakıflar, Türk hukukunda yaşanan geçiş sürecinden en çok etkilenen kurumlardan biri olmuştur. Zaman içerisinde devletin müdahalesiyle pek çok mazbut vakıf tasfiye edilmiş; vakıflara ait mallar, vakıf hukuku prensiplerine aykırı şekilde devletleştirilmiş ve elden çıkarılmıştır. Bütün bunlara rağmen mazbut vakıfların hala mevcudiyetini sürdürmesi ve mahkeme kararlarına konu olması, mazbut vakıflar konusunda bütüncül, kapsamlı ve mukayeseli bir çalışmayı gerektirmektedir. Nitekim bir mazbut vakıf olan Bezm-i Âlem Vakfı’nın, Bezm-i Âlem Vakıf Üniversitesi ve Bezm-i Âlem Vakıf Hastanesi gibi iki büyük müessesenin kurucusu olduğu düşünüldüğünde; mazbut vakıfların idaresinin ve mal rejiminin önemi anlaşılabilmektedir. Bu çerçevede tezimizde, mazbut vakıflara ilişkin tarihi süreç ve mevcut hukuki düzenlemeler, Bezm-i Âlem Vakfı özelinde değerlendirilmiştir.
Following the proclamation of the republic in Turkey, foundation has been one of pending Ottoman issues, which is in need for adaptations to integrate into the new legal system. With the Turkish Civil Code numbered 743, the Legislative Instrument divided foundations into two categories: new and old foundation. In this sense, a new legal regime was adopted for foundations founded after the enforcement of the Code 743, while old foundations, which were founded in the Ottoman period and which still remain in operation, are subjected to different regulations. One of the most adversely affected institutions by the transition process in the Turkish legal system was fused foundations, which constitute the largest subdivision within the old foundations and are conducted and represented by the Directorate General of Foundations. Fused foundations were liquidated and their properties were nationalized or sold out by government interventions in contravention of the basic principles of the foundations law. Since fused foundations still exist and are subject to court decisions owing to the said process of repression, a holistic, comprehensive and comparative approach is required to study the issue. The significance of fused foundation administration and the legal status of their properties can be understood when considering the case of the Bezmi Alem Foundation; as a fused foundation, it is the founder of two well-known institutions in Turkey, Bezmi Alem Vakif Hospital and Bezmi Alem Vakif University. In this thesis, both the historical process of fused foundations within the framework of the Bezmi Alem Foundation and current legal regulations pertaining to them were studied from a comparative perspective.
Following the proclamation of the republic in Turkey, foundation has been one of pending Ottoman issues, which is in need for adaptations to integrate into the new legal system. With the Turkish Civil Code numbered 743, the Legislative Instrument divided foundations into two categories: new and old foundation. In this sense, a new legal regime was adopted for foundations founded after the enforcement of the Code 743, while old foundations, which were founded in the Ottoman period and which still remain in operation, are subjected to different regulations. One of the most adversely affected institutions by the transition process in the Turkish legal system was fused foundations, which constitute the largest subdivision within the old foundations and are conducted and represented by the Directorate General of Foundations. Fused foundations were liquidated and their properties were nationalized or sold out by government interventions in contravention of the basic principles of the foundations law. Since fused foundations still exist and are subject to court decisions owing to the said process of repression, a holistic, comprehensive and comparative approach is required to study the issue. The significance of fused foundation administration and the legal status of their properties can be understood when considering the case of the Bezmi Alem Foundation; as a fused foundation, it is the founder of two well-known institutions in Turkey, Bezmi Alem Vakif Hospital and Bezmi Alem Vakif University. In this thesis, both the historical process of fused foundations within the framework of the Bezmi Alem Foundation and current legal regulations pertaining to them were studied from a comparative perspective.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eski Vakıflar Hukuku, Mazbut Vakıflar, Bezm-i Âlem Vakfı, Vakfiye, Old Foundations Law, Fused Foundations, Bezmi Alem Foundation, Foundation Voucher
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Solmaz Bilici, M. (2019). Medeni hukuk çerçevesinde Bezm-i Âlem Vakıfları özelinde mazbut vakıflar. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İbn Haldun Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
