A discursive analysis of Q&As on alternative spiritualities in Turkish online forums

Abstract

In recent years, alternative spiritualities have become increasingly visible in Turkish society, with individuals turning to practices such as yoga and Reiki to find peace, motivation, and happiness. While some studies have explored the nature of these spiritualities and their relationship to religion, and others have treated spiritual practices as case studies, a significant gap remains concerning the questions individuals pose about alternative spiritualities to religious authorities. In this chapter, we draw on a dataset collected from Turkish religious discussion forums—specifically questions and answers about yoga and Reiki. Our aim is to map the contours of spiritual seeking in the Turkish context. We critically analyze the attitudes and approaches of both questioners and responders, paying particular attention to the religious references invoked by the latter. This research enriches our understanding of the role that alternative spiritualities play within Türkiye’s broader religious and social landscape. Moreover, by examining fatwas (religious rulings) related to Reiki and yoga, it illuminates the formal religious positions on these practices as they are discussed in the Turkish context.