Khan

İktisat Bölümü, başta Türkiye ve çevre ülkeler olmak üzere küresel ekonomileri anlayan, var olan sorunları analiz ederken, iktisadi kuramları ve kavramları yetkin ve özgün bir şekilde kullanma becerisine sahip bireyler yetiştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

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Khan

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Solunum Sistemi, Genel ve Dahili Tıp, Çevre Bilimleri ve Ekoloji, İş Ekonomisi, Bilim ve Teknoloji

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Listeleniyor 1 - 10 / 15

The language of sustainability: Exploring the implications of metaphors on environmental action and finance
(Corvinus University of Budapest, 2023) Napari, Ayuba; Özcan, Rasim; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özcan, Rasim; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
The relationship between humans and the environment is complex. To capture this complex relationship, metaphors/concepts have always been used. The most prominent of these metaphors/conceptions is the limits concept. This views the natural environment in terms of its carrying capacity and contend that human actions must be controlled so as not to overwhelm the environment. For overburdening the environment will result in a collapse of the natural system. The environmental optimists on the other hand discount the carrying capacity contending that human ingenuity and the market mechanism will overcome any temporary environmental problems that may arise. A tempered version of both is the political-ecological class of metaphors/conceptions which emphasize the political, cultural, and economic factors responsible for environmental decay and/or restoration. In this study, the implications of these metaphors/conceptions on environmental action and environmental finance are examined. It is concluded that, the limits conception views environmental action as a top-bottom endeavor and places governmental and multilateral organizations at the center of environmental and climate finance. The neoclassical and technological optimist concepts contend that, the current capitalist structure is well suited to tackle environmental externalities and government policy should encourage eco-innovation preferable through public-private partnerships. The tapestry and the political-ecological class of metaphors envisages a role for central authorities as well as private local individuals with crowdfunding and corporate social/environmental responsibilities along with governmental and multilateral aid and public-private partnerships being some of the main sources of funds for environmental protection and restoration.
The probabilities of type I and II error of null of cointegration tests: A Monte Carlo comparison
(Plos One, 2022) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Aysan, Ahmet Faruk; Güney, İbrahim; Isac, Nicoleta; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
This paper evaluates the performance of eight tests with null hypothesis of cointegration on basis of probabilities of type I and II errors using Monte Carlo simulations. This study uses a variety of 132 different data generations covering three cases of deterministic part and four sample sizes. The three cases of deterministic part considered are: absence of both intercept and linear time trend, presence of only the intercept and presence of both the intercept and linear time trend. It is found that all of tests have either larger or smaller probabilities of type I error and concluded that tests face either problems of over rejection or under rejection, when asymptotic critical values are used. It is also concluded that use of simulated critical values leads to controlled probability of type I error. So, the use of asymptotic critical values may be avoided, and the use of simulated critical values is highly recommended. It is found and concluded that the simple LM test based on KPSS statistic performs better than rest for all specifications of deterministic part and sample sizes.
Asymmetric effects of economic growth, fossil fuel consumption, and financial development on carbon emissions in Ghana
(Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, 2024) Abdul Rahman, Mutawakil; Iftikhar, Sundas; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
This research analyzes the impact of economic expansion, non-renewable energy consumption (NonREC), financial sector improvement, and carbon releases in Ghana. The study used yearly data from 1971 to 2014 and applied the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) method to examine the data. The NARDL approach facilitated the differentiation of variables into favorable and unfavorable adjustments by examining the short-and long-run effects. The results indicated that all the independent variables exhibited short-term asymmetries, while economic growth presented long-term asymmetry. Negative adjustments in economic expansion led to a decline in carbon releases in the long run but an increase in the short run. favorable and unfavorable adjustments in NonREC positively and negatively impact carbon releases in both the short and long term. Additionally, negative adjustments in financial development positively affected carbon releases in the long run. The cumulative dynamic multipliers graphs and impulse response function graphs illustrate the same impact pattern of the independent variables on carbon releases, confirming the findings' robustness. The study suggests implementing environmental policies in Ghana that promote renewable sources of energy and energy-conserving innovations to reduce environmental degradation. The findings recommend that the decision-maker prioritize effective environmental strategies like a green economy, renewable energy use, and energy-saving technologies. By adopting clean energy and implementing advanced technologies, sustainable economic growth can be achieved while preserving the environment and the ecosystem.
Is the effect of a health crisis symmetric for physical and digital financial assets? An assessment of gold and bitcoin during the pandemic
(Public Library of Science, 2023) Badshah, Waqar; Musah, Mohammed; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özer, Ercan; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
The emergence of the covid-19 health crisis, in this advanced technological era where connections between markets, nations, and economies have grown stronger than ever before, the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic quickly had an impact on both physical and digital financial assets. The Chinese financial market experienced the first consequences of the covid-19 pandemic, then spilled over to other financial markets, including those for cryptocurrencies and the precious metals. This study examines the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the volatilities of the dynamics of bitcoin and gold. Both assets share some characteristics, such as online trading platforms, however, gold is a tangible financial asset unlike bitcoin, which is digitally generated without any physical form. This study argues that the similarities and differences between bitcoin and gold play major roles in how the covid19 crisis affected their respective dynamics. Using daily data ranging from 9/22/2014 to 1/ 31/2023 and employing ARMA as the mean equation for GARCH model, the impact of the health crisis (covid-19) is examined on the volatilities of the prices and volumes of bitcoin and gold. Empirical evidence points out that, the pandemic has a symmetric impact on the volatilities of bitcoin and gold price returns, causing them to be more volatile. The impact of the covid-19 observed on the volume returns of the assets, however, is asymmetrical. The empirical results give evidence to the role that the vital differences existing between these assets played during the covid-19 pandemic.
Choosing solitude in turmoil, herding in the decentralized finance (DeFi) token market: An international perspective
(Korea Distribution Science Assoc, 2022) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özcan, Rasim; Turgut, Murat; Napari, Ayuba; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
Financial markets have long been known to be prone to behavioral biases. One such behavioural bias that is consequential yet pervasive in financial markets is the herd effect. The objective of this study is to determine whether or not there exist herd behaviour in the new and bourgeoning Decentralized Finance (DeFi) Tokens market. This is accomplished by using daily returns of 22 DeFi tokens from January 29, 2017 to August 19, 2021, and the Cross-sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD) of market returns to capture herd behavior. The results fail to provide any evidence of herding in the DeFi token market on bullish days, that is days for which the average market returns is positive. For bearish days however, that is days for which the market returns is negative, our empirical findings point to the presence of adverse herding in the DeFi token market. This phenomenon can be explained to some extent by the investor composition of the DeFi market. The DeFi token space is a growth market dominated by experts and/or enthusiasts who are insulated against the temptation and panic of negative market swings by the level of market and technical information they possess on the assets they invest.
Threat of intervention in cryptocurrency market: West side story of Bitcoin and Ripple
(Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 2023) Aysan, Ahmet Faruk; Isac, Nicoleta; Drammeh, Ousman; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özcan, Rasim; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
This study examines the impact of intervention threats on the price and volume volatility of Bitcoin and XRP. Using the Threshold or GJR-GARCH model, we analyse the relationship between news shocks (representing intervention threats) and the volatilities of Bitcoin and XRP price and volume returns, based on data from January 2014 to April 2021. The results indicate a significant association between news shocks and Bitcoin's price volatility, suggesting that intervention-related news events have a notable impact. However, the relationship between news shocks and XRP's price volatility is insignificant. Notably, XRP's volume returns demonstrate a positive and significant relationship with news shocks, while Bitcoin's volume returns do not exhibit a significant relationship. Additionally, past shocks and conditional variance shocks significantly contribute to the volatility of today's price or volume returns. These findings suggest that Ripple (XRP) may benefit from the implicit threat of intervention, strategically managing its availability to control price surges.
On the ranks of tests having null of cointegration: A Monte Carlo comparison
(Research Center Public ADM & Public Service, 2020) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Isac, Nicoleta; Dobrin, Cosmin; Hussan, Mehmood; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Marin, Alina-Andreea; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
The null of cointegration tests for testing the existence of cointegration are available in literature in great diversity. The selection of a particular test from all these available tests is the crucial problem and often researchers face this. This study is carried out to solve this problem by comparing eight tests on basis two properties of size and power using a new proposed methodology of rank scores. Three different specifications of deterministic component and four sample sizes are considered. It is concluded that if asymptotic critical values are used then it results into an uncontrolled empirical size. While, if the simulated critical values are used, then the empirical size is controlled around nominal size. Moreover, on basis of power, a simple test, which is based on KPSS statistic, is the sole better performer for all of the different 132 different cases of data generations considered in the study.
Till debt does us apart: Cross-country evidence on the relationship between microfinance prevalence and social distrust
(Public Library Science, 2023) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özcan, Rasim; Masood, Syed Muhammad Usman; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
Economic interventions have social consequences. In this paper, we explore one such relationship, between microfinance intensity and social distrust levels reported by the low-income people. We find a significant association between microfinance intensity in a country and distrust among the poor as well as ultra-poor in cross-section using World Values Survey & European Values Survey (WVS-EVS) Wave 7 (2017-2022). We supplement these findings using empirical Bayes on a panel extending back from 7th to the 4th WVS wave (1999-2004). To deal with potential endogeneity, we run 2SLS as well as weak instruments-robust conditional instrumental variable tests and find evidence showing microfinance prevalence intensity affects distrust levels among the poor and ultra-poor households. We find no association between microfinance and distrust levels in the rich in any of the tests, potentially because the rich are not exposed to microfinance.
Subsample stability, change detection and dynamics of oil and metal markets: A recursive approach
(Elsevier, 2023) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Napari, Ayuba; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
The analysis of historical price data for patterns and using such patterns for predictions and policy recommendations has become ubiquitous in the existing economics literature. These predictions and recommendations are premised on the stability of the statistical properties and inter-variable dynamics for which a single regime or few number of regimes can capture. This, however, is a strong assumption with serious repercussions if violated. In this study, the appropriateness of the stability assumption is questioned using various recursive regressions to test stability, consistency of stationarity and stability in inter-variable dynamics between crude oil, gold, silver, and platinum prices. Using monthly data sourced from the World Bank Commodity Price Data (Pink Sheet) from January 1, 9960 to March 2022, our empirical analysis found level prices of oil, gold, and platinum to be consistently non-stationary with rare exceptions. The level price of silver however is found to be inconsistent with multiple regime switches while the logged series of all variables yielded non-stationarity. The default is stationarity for all the variables when price series are logged differenced and/or differenced for oil, silver, and platinum. Differenced gold prices resulted in inconsistent stationarity with multiple regime changes. Even if rare, the stationarity of all the variables is dependent on time and sample size due to the inconsistence in the stationarity verdict. On the bi-variate relationship in the long run, only level silver prices are found to be cointegrated with oil while logged silver prices are inconsistently cointegrated with logged oil prices. Also, in the short-run, only log of oil prices is found to Granger cause log of silver prices. It is thus recommended that researchers and policy makers be tempered in extrapolating statistical findings in general and the price and interprice dynamics of oil, gold, silver and platinum into the future.
Constant time calculation of the metric dimension of the join of path graphs
(MDPI, 2023) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Zhang, Chuanjun; Haidar, Ghulam; Khan, Murad ul Islam; Yousafzai, Faisal; Hila, Kostaq; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü
The distance between two vertices of a simple connected graph G, denoted as (Formula presented.), is the length of the shortest path from u to v and is always symmetrical. An ordered subset (Formula presented.) of (Formula presented.) is a resolving set for G, if for ? (Formula presented.), there exists (Formula presented.) ? (Formula presented.). A resolving set with minimal cardinality is called the metric basis. The metric dimension of G is the cardinality of metric basis of G and is denoted as (Formula presented.). For the graph (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.), their join is denoted by (Formula presented.). The vertex set of (Formula presented.) is (Formula presented.) and the edge set is (Formula presented.). In this article, we show that the metric dimension of the join of two path graphs is unbounded because of its dependence on the size of the paths. We also provide a general formula to determine this metric dimension. We also develop algorithms to obtain metric dimensions and a metric basis for the join of path graphs, with respect to its symmetries.

Khan, Asad ul Islam

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