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Yayın A PERMA model approach to well‑being: A psychometric properties study(Springer Nature, 2024) Al-Hendawi, Maha; Alodat, Ali; Al-Zoubi, Suhail; Bulut, Sefa; Bulut, Sefa; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Bölümü; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık BölümüPsychological well-being infuences all the facets of adolescent success. This study examined the psychometric prop erties of PERMA, a subjective well-being measure consisting of fve domains: positive emotions, engagement, relation ships, meaning, and accomplishment. The sample size consisted of 502 high school students from public schools in Qatar. Contrary to expectations, the fve-factor structure for PERMA did not ft our data well; however, after refning the model by the errors of the covariances between items, the one-factor model was found to be applicable. Mul tivariate analysis revealed that socioeconomic status (SES) and level of academic performance were independently and positively associated with overall well-being scores, whereas internalizing and externalizing behaviors were negatively associated. Notably, no signifcant efects of gender or age on well-being were observed. These fndings suggest that interventions specifc to socioeconomic status, academic excellence, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in the school setting can produce more efective outcomes concerning student well-being.Yayın Revealing a word superiority effect using a unique variant of the Latin alphabet: The evidence from Turkish(Frontiers, 2024) Jordan, Timothy R.; Kalan, Aleynanur; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüWhen visual stimuli are presented briefly, words are perceived better than nonwords. It is widely accepted that this word superiority effect reflects the efficiency with which words are perceived. However, most of what is known about the effect comes from languages (like English) using the basic Latin alphabet and little is known about whether languages using an alphabetic variant with very different properties can also produce word superiority. Here we report an experiment in which words and nonwords were presented briefly in Turkish, which uses a unique variant of the Latin alphabet containing 29 separate letters, 12 of which are close visual replications of other letters. Despite the potential for visual confusability and perceptual uncertainty, the findings revealed a clear advantage for words over nonwords, indicating that word superiority observed previously for the Latin alphabet can also be observed with the very different variant of this alphabet used for Turkish. Implications of these findings for processes involved in visual word perception are discussed.Yayın Does oral iron and folate supplementation during pregnancy protect against adverse birth outcomes and reduced neonatal and infant mortality in Africa: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis?(Sage Publications, 2024) Bekele, Yibeltal; Gallagher, Claire; Batra, Mehak; Buultjens, Melissa; Eren, Senem; Erbaş, Bircan; Eren, Senem; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüBackground: Globally, one-third of pregnant women are at risk of iron deficiency, particularly in the African region. While recent findings show that iron and folate supplementation can lower the risk of adverse birth outcomes and childhood mortality, our understanding of its impact in Africa remains incomplete due to insufficient evidence. This protocol outlines the systematic review steps to investigate the impact of oral iron and folate supplementation during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes, neonatal mortality and infant mortality in Africa. Methods and analysis: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched for published articles. Google Scholar and Advanced Google Search were used for gray literature and nonindexed articles. Oral iron and/or folate supplementation during pregnancy is the primary exposure. The review will focus on adverse birth outcomes, neonatal mortality and infant mortality. Both Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale risk of bias assessment tools will be used. Meta-analysis will be conducted if design and data analysis methodologies permit. This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide up-to-date evidence about iron and folate supplementation’s role in adverse birth outcomes, neonatal mortality and infant mortality in the African region. Ethics and dissemination: This review will provide insights that help policymakers, program planners, researchers, and public health practitioners interested in working in the region. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023452588Yayın Multicenter registry and test bed for extended outpatient hemodynamic monitoring: The hemodynamic frontiers in heart failure (HF2) initiative(Frontiers, 2023) Heywood, J. Thomas; Munshi, Kartik; Jordan, Timothy R.; Muse, Evan; Fudim, Marat; Sauer, Andrew J.; McDermott, Margaret; Shah, Hirak; Bhimaraj, Arvind; Khedraki, Rola; Robinson, Monique R.; McCann, Patrick; Volz, Elizabeth; Guha, Ashrith; Jonsson, Orvar; Bhatt, Kunjan A.; Bennett, Mosi K.; Benjamin, Terrie Ann; Guglin, Maya; Abraham, Jacob; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüBackground: Hemodynamic Frontiers in Heart Failure (HF2) is a multicenter academic research consortium comprised of 14 US institutions with mature remote monitoring programs for ambulatory patients with heart failure (HF). The consortium developed a retrospective and prospective registry of patients implanted with a wireless pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) sensor. Goals/aims: HF2 registry collects demographic, clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic (ECHO), and hemodynamic data from patients with PAP sensors. The aims of HF2 are to advance understanding of HF and to accelerate development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic innovations. Methods: HF2 includes adult patients implanted with a PAP sensor as per FDA indications (New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III HF functional class with a prior hospitalization, or patients with NYHA Class II or brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) elevation without hospitalization) at a HF2 member site between 1/1/19 to present. HF2 registry is maintained at University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC). The registry was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) at all participating institutions with required data use agreements. Institutions report data into the electronic registry database using REDCap, housed at KUMC. Results: This initial data set includes 254 patients implanted from the start of 2019 until May 2023. At time of device implant, the cohort average age is 73 years old, 59.8% are male, 72% have NYHA Class III HF, 40% have left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%, 35% have LVEF > 50%, mean BNP is 560 pg/ml, mean N-Terminal pro-BNP (NTproBNP) is 5,490 pg/ml, mean creatinine is 1.65 mg/dl. Average baseline hemodynamics at device implant are right atrial pressure (RAP) of 11 mmHg, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) of 47 mmHg, pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PADP) 21 mmHg, mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of 20 mmHg, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) of 19 mmHg, cardiac output (CO) of 5.3 L/min, and cardiac index (CI) of 2.5 L/min/m2. Conclusion: A real-world registry of patients implanted with a PAP sensor enables long-term evaluation of hemodynamic and clinic outcomes in highly-phenotyped ambulatory HF patients, and creates a unique opportunity to validate and test novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to HF.Yayın Sleep quality, quality of life, fatigue, and mental health in COVID-19 post-pandemic Türkiye: A cross-sectional study(Frontiers, 2024) Bener, Abdulbari; Morgül, Ebru; Tokaç, Mahmut; Ventriglio, Antonio; Jordan, Timothy R.; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüAim: This study explores the predictors and associated risk factors of sleep quality, quality of life, fatigue, and mental health among the Turkish population during the COVID-19 post-pandemic period. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey using multi-stage, stratified random sampling was employed. In total, 3,200 persons were approached. Of these, 2,624 (82%) completed the questionnaire package consisting of socio-demographic information, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the WHO Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15), GAD-7 anxiety scale, and the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: Significant differences between genders were found regarding socio-demographic characteristics (p < 0.01). Using PHQ-15 for depressive disorders, significant differences were found between normal and high severity scores (≥ 10), regarding age group (p < 0.001), gender (p = 0.049), educational level (p < 0.001), occupational status (p = 0.019), cigarette smoking (p = 0.002), waterpipe-narghile smoking (p = 0.039), and co-morbidity (p = 0.003). The WHOQOL-BREF indicated strong correlations between public health, physical health, psychological status, social relationships, environmental conditions, and sleep disorders (p < 0.01). Furthermore, comparisons of the prevalence of mental health symptoms and sleeping with PHQ-15 scores ≥ 10 (p = 0.039), fatigue (p = 0.012), depression (p = 0.009), anxiety (p = 0.032), stress (p = 0.045), and GAD-7 (p < 0.001), were significantly higher among the mental health condition according to sleeping disorder status. Multiple regression analysis revealed that DASS21 stress (p < 0.001), DASS21 depression (p < 0.001), DASS21 anxiety (p = 0.002), physical health (WHOQOL-BREF) (p = 0.007), patient health depression-PHQ-15 (p = 0.011), psychological health (WHOQOL-BREF) (p = 0.012), fatigue (p = 0.017), and environmental factors (WHOQOL-BREF) (p = 0.041) were the main predictor risk factors associated with sleep when adjusted for gender and age. Conclusion: The current study has shown that sleep quality was associated with the mental health symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and fatigue. In addition, insufficient sleep duration and unsatisfactory sleep quality seemed to affect physical and mental health functioning.Yayın A scoping review of studies on assistive technology interventions and their impact on individuals with autism spectrum disorder in Arab countries(MDPI, 2023) Bulut, Sefa; Bulut, Sefa; al-Hendawi, Maha; Hussein, Esraa; Al Ghafri, Badriya; Bulut, Sefa; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Bölümü; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık BölümüThe rising prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Arab countries necessitates evidence-based interventions. Assistive technology (AT) presents a promising approach. However, data on the pervasiveness of AT use and its effectiveness for individuals with ASD, specifically within Arab countries, remain scarce. Objective: To review the current literature on the AT interventions and outcomes reported for individuals with ASD in Arab countries. Methods: A scoping review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was undertaken to explore the utilization of AT, segmented into three categories: low-technology (low-tech), mid-technology (mid-tech), and high-technology (high-tech) devices. Results: Twelve studies had a pooled sample of 1547 participants, primarily male school-aged children with ASD. The AT applications evaluated ranged from low-tech visual schedules and support to high-tech virtual reality systems. Studies have reported the potential benefits of AT in improving communication, social, academic, adaptive, and functional abilities; however, comparative evidence between AT interventions is limited. The identified barriers to the adoption of AT included caregiver uncertainty about the use of AT and a lack of awareness of AT among professionals and the Arab community in general. Conclusion: Available studies suggest that the adoption of AT can enhance the skills of individuals with ASD in Arab countries. However, more rigorous studies across diverse demographic groups and Arab national regions are needed to strengthen the evidence base and provide appropriate recommendations.Yayın Is the effect of a health crisis symmetric for physical and digital financial assets? An assessment of gold and bitcoin during the pandemic(Public Library of Science, 2023) Badshah, Waqar; Musah, Mohammed; Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özer, Ercan; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat BölümüThe emergence of the covid-19 health crisis, in this advanced technological era where connections between markets, nations, and economies have grown stronger than ever before, the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic quickly had an impact on both physical and digital financial assets. The Chinese financial market experienced the first consequences of the covid-19 pandemic, then spilled over to other financial markets, including those for cryptocurrencies and the precious metals. This study examines the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the volatilities of the dynamics of bitcoin and gold. Both assets share some characteristics, such as online trading platforms, however, gold is a tangible financial asset unlike bitcoin, which is digitally generated without any physical form. This study argues that the similarities and differences between bitcoin and gold play major roles in how the covid19 crisis affected their respective dynamics. Using daily data ranging from 9/22/2014 to 1/ 31/2023 and employing ARMA as the mean equation for GARCH model, the impact of the health crisis (covid-19) is examined on the volatilities of the prices and volumes of bitcoin and gold. Empirical evidence points out that, the pandemic has a symmetric impact on the volatilities of bitcoin and gold price returns, causing them to be more volatile. The impact of the covid-19 observed on the volume returns of the assets, however, is asymmetrical. The empirical results give evidence to the role that the vital differences existing between these assets played during the covid-19 pandemic.Yayın Strengths and weaknesses of inviting men to a voluntary-based domestic violence intervention(SAGE Publications, 2023) Turhan, Zeynep; Fırat, Engin; Genç, Emel; Başer Baykal, Nur; Ulus, İhsan Çağatay; Bulut, Sefa; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık BölümüThis study examines the factors motivating domestic violence perpetrators to participate in a voluntary-based intervention program. The experiences and determining factors around men’s positive and negative responses to this invitation were examined through semi-structured interviews with professionals, observations, and reflexive notes during the first meeting with 29 men. Two major themes emerged from the thematic analysis: the factors making men more likely to attend the first meeting or resisting the group intervention. These findings can help professionals recognize the challenges of inviting perpetrators to interventions, especially in countries with insufficient laws for mandated domestic violence perpetrator programs. The paper discusses the importance during the first meeting of building rapport and trust and recognizing complex family histories to encourage voluntary attendance and intervention engagement.Yayın Adjustment challenges and coping strategies of Arab female international university students(Frontiers, 2023) Nazir, Thseen; Özçiçek, Ayşe; Lilla, Nanine; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık BölümüOver the past decade, Türkiye has experienced an increasing influx of international students, particularly from various Arab countries. The significant number of Arab international university students has prompted researchers to pay more attention to the experiences of this population in the country. This study examined the adjustment problems experienced by Arab female international university students in Türkiye…Yayın Reducing test anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy(Sage Journals, 2023) Jordan, Timothy R.; Uysal, Burcu; Görmez, Vahdet; Karatepe, Hasan Turan; Sönmez, Dilruba; Taştekne, Feyzanur; Tepedelen, Mehmed Seyda; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüEducational assessments can affect students' mental health, particularly during a pandemic. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) are widely efficacious for reducing test anxiety, as well as general anxiety and rumination. However, the effectiveness of these two therapies for students during COVID-19 is unclear. We measured the effectiveness of ACT and CBT for managing test anxiety, general anxiety, and rumination during COVID-19 for 77 students taking Türkiye's national university entrance exam, assigned to either the ACT or CBT psychoeducation programs. Both programs reduced test anxiety, general anxiety, and rumination, and showed similar levels of effectiveness. This suggests that ACT and CBT are both important for improving students' mental health during COVID-19 and either may be beneficial.Yayın Till debt does us apart: Cross-country evidence on the relationship between microfinance prevalence and social distrust(Public Library Science, 2023) Khan, Asad ul Islam; Özcan, Rasim; Masood, Syed Muhammad Usman; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat BölümüEconomic interventions have social consequences. In this paper, we explore one such relationship, between microfinance intensity and social distrust levels reported by the low-income people. We find a significant association between microfinance intensity in a country and distrust among the poor as well as ultra-poor in cross-section using World Values Survey & European Values Survey (WVS-EVS) Wave 7 (2017-2022). We supplement these findings using empirical Bayes on a panel extending back from 7th to the 4th WVS wave (1999-2004). To deal with potential endogeneity, we run 2SLS as well as weak instruments-robust conditional instrumental variable tests and find evidence showing microfinance prevalence intensity affects distrust levels among the poor and ultra-poor households. We find no association between microfinance and distrust levels in the rich in any of the tests, potentially because the rich are not exposed to microfinance.Yayın Commitment profiles for employee voice: Dual target and dominant commitment mindsets(SpringerLink, 2023) Tatoğlu, Ekrem; Tatoğlu, Ekrem; Çalışkan, Sibel; Ünler, Ela; Tatoğlu, Ekrem; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme BölümüBased on the person-centered approach and the EVLN (exit, voice, loyalty, neglect) model, this study explores how the components of commitment create “profles” and the implications of this for voice behaviors in response to malpractice at work. The study includes not just afective and continuance commitment forms but also a commitment to the team as a multi-target commitment. A survey was conducted of 518 employees from a broad range of organizations in Turkey. An attempt was made to diferentiate the EVLN responses across diverse commitment profles by expanding the context. Four clusters (low commitment, weakly-committed, afective–team dominant, and continuance dominant) were identifed using k-means cluster analysis. Analysis of the variance results indicated that the afective–team dominant profle demonstrated the constructive voice. The low commitment profle showed the least desirable outcomes (exit and neglect), followed by the weakly-committed profle. The continuance dominant profle also demonstrated passive behaviors (neglect and patience). Afective and team commitments, which have similar foci, were found to be the primary drivers of voice behavior, especially when combined with low continuance commitment. Also, continuance commitment did not contribute to the voice behavior once a certain level of afective and team commitment was seen. This study contributes to expanding commitment profles for data from Turkey by explaining diverse EVLN responses to dissatisfaction at work.Yayın The power of e-recruitment and employer branding on Indonesian millennials’ intention to apply for a job(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Wijaya, Cindy Natalia; Mustika, Martina Dwi; Bulut, Sefa; Bukhori, Baidi; Bulut, Sefa; Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık BölümüCompanies need reliable employees to support their business. As e-grocery businesses in Indonesia continue to grow during the pandemic, various strategies are required to attract millennials. This study aims to prove the influence of employer branding, e-recruitment, and post-pandemic employee value proposition (radical flexibility, deeper connection, personal growth, and holistic well-being) in encouraging millennials to apply for jobs at e-grocery companies after the pandemic. Few e-grocery companies in Indonesia use employer branding and e-recruitment; this study attempts to combine these two variables to see the effect of their interaction on influencing greater millennial intentions. Using the latest experimental method, which is the experimental vignette method, we conducted three studies with a total of 619 millennial participants, who were recruited using the convenience sampling technique. All participants received a set of job advertisements as a stimulus. The results showed that e-recruitment could not significantly predict the millennials’ intentions when applying for jobs in e-grocery companies. Companies in Indonesia may need to analyze millennials’ familiarity with e-recruitment platforms, especially on company websites. However, employer branding successfully predicted millennials’ intention to apply for a job in e-grocery companies, which was not affected by the length of their work experience. Employer branding serves as a means of building job seekers’ trust through personal promotions. With this trust, job seekers are more motivated to apply to the company. When e-recruitment and employer branding were analyzed simultaneously, there were significant interactive effects on millennials’ intentions. Employer branding acted as a socialization medium to introduce e-recruitment and vice versa. E-recruitment served as a form of branding that could shape the perceptions and experiences of millennial job seekers. Lastly, the employee value proposition significantly predicted millennials’ intentions, where holistic well-being was the most sought-after value. It can support employees’ well-being and encourage them to make valuable propositions that will make e-grocery companies excel in Indonesian labor market.Yayın Do drivers of renewable energy consumption matter for BRICS economies? Nexus among technological innovation, environmental degradation, economic growth, and income inequality(Springer Nature, 2022) Özcan, Rasim; Muhammad, Iftikhar; Jain, Vipin; Ramos-Meza, Carlos Samuel; Chawla, Chanchal; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat BölümüIn light of increasing concerns about climate change and energy security, renewable energy has been seen as the most promising solution to fulfl future energy needs. This study examines the drivers of renewable energy consumption (REC) and the nexus between GDP growth, technological innovation, gross fxed capital formation, CO2 emissions, income inequality, and renewable energy consumption (REC) using annual data from BRICS countries. To this end, the study uses the augmented mean group (AMG) estimator, a second-generation estimator that takes slope homogeneity and cross-sectional dependence into consideration. For robustness, the pooled mean group (PMG) estimator has also been utilized. The fndings of both estimators indicate that carbon emissions, technological innovation, and gross fxed capital formation exert adverse and signifcant impacts on REC. The fndings also show that the use of renewable energy will rise as income inequality declines. We also employ the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (DH) granger causality test. The results of the analysis demonstrate a one-way causal association between income inequality and REC. This fnding confrms that a reduction in income inequality will have a major impact on the adoption of renewable energy sources.Yayın Does environmental sustainability afect the renewable energy consumption? Nexus among trade openness, CO2 emissions, income inequality, renewable energy, and economic growth in OECD countries(Springer Nature, 2022) Özcan, Rasim; Muhammad, Iftikhar; Jain, Vipin; Sharma, Paritosh; Shahzad Shabbir, Malik; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat BölümüThis study investigates the impact of carbon emissions, real oil prices, income inequality, economic growth, and trade openness on renewable energy consumption (REC) in twenty-three (23) OECD economies. The study employs the Westerlund panel cointegration technique to verify the existence of long-run equilibrium and the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator to assess the long-run relationship between the variables, which allows for slope heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependency. Moreover, the panel causality test of Dumitrescu and Hurlin (DH) is utilized to gauge the causal relationship between the variables. The fndings of our study reveal that REC is positively related to economic growth, real oil prices, income inequality, and trade openness, but negatively related to CO2 emissions in OECD countries. In addition, there is one-way causality from GDP per capita to renewable energy consumption and a bidirectional causality between income inequality and REC. Furthermore, the results indicate that OECD policymakers and governments should regard foreign trade as a “clean energy fostering mechanism” while developing energy demand policies that are environmentally friendly.Yayın A critical analysis of COVID-19 research literature: Text mining approach(Elsevier, 2021) Delen, Dursun; Delen, Dursun; Delen, Dursun; Zengul, Ferhat D.; Zengul, Ayşe G.; Mugavero, Michael J.; Oner, Nurettin; Özaydın, Bünyamin; Delen, Dursun; Willig, James H.; Kennedy, Kierstin C.; Cimino, James; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme BölümüObjective: Among the stakeholders of COVID-19 research, clinicians particularly experience difficulty keeping up with the deluge of SARS-CoV-2 literature while performing their much needed clinical duties. By revealing major topics, this study proposes a text-mining approach as an alternative to navigating large volumes of COVID-19 literature. Materials and methods: We obtained 85,268 references from the NIH COVID-19 Portfolio as of November 21. After the exclusion based on inadequate abstracts, 65,262 articles remained in the final corpus. We utilized natural language processing to curate and generate the term list. We applied topic modeling analyses and multiple correspondence analyses to reveal the major topics and the associations among topics, journal countries, and publication sources. Results: In our text mining analyses of NIH’s COVID-19 Portfolio, we discovered two sets of eleven major research topics by analyzing abstracts and titles of the articles separately. The eleven major areas of COVID-19 research based on abstracts included the following topics: 1) Public Health, 2) Patient Care & Outcomes, 3) Epidemiologic Modeling, 4) Diagnosis and Complications, 5) Mechanism of Disease, 6) Health System Response, 7) Pandemic Control, 8) Protection/Prevention, 9) Mental/Behavioral Health, 10) Detection/Testing, 11) Treatment Options. Further analyses revealed that five (2,3,4,5, and 9) of the eleven abstract-based topics showed a significant correlation (ranked from moderate to weak) with title-based topics. Conclusion: By offering up the more dynamic, scalable, and responsive categorization of published literature, our study provides valuable insights to the stakeholders of COVID-19 research, particularly clinicians.Yayın Social media and online digital technology use among Muslim young people and parents: Qualitative focus group study(JMIR Publications Inc., 2022) Eren, Senem; Eren, Senem; Douglass, Caitlin H.; Borthwick, Aidan; Lim, Megan S.C.; Erbas, Bircan; Eren, Senem; Higgs, Peter; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüBackground: Digital technology and social media use are common among young people in Australia and worldwide. Research suggests that young people have both positive and negative experiences online, but we know little about the experiences of Muslim communities. Objective: This study aims to explore the positive and negative experiences of digital technology and social media use among young people and parents from Muslim backgrounds in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Methods: This study involved a partnership between researchers and a not-for-profit organization that work with culturally and linguistically diverse communities. We adopted a participatory and qualitative approach and designed the research in consultation with young people from Muslim backgrounds. Data were collected through in-person and online focus groups with 33 young people aged 16-22 years and 15 parents aged 40-57 years. Data were thematically analyzed. Results: We generated 3 themes: (1) maintaining local and global connections, (2) a paradoxical space: identity, belonging and discrimination, and (3) the digital divide between young Muslims and parents. Results highlighted that social media was an important extension of social and cultural connections, particularly during COVID-19, when people were unable to connect through school or places of worship. Young participants perceived social media as a space where they could establish their identity and feel a sense of belonging. However, participants were also at risk of being exposed to discrimination and unrealistic standards of beauty and success. Although parents and young people shared some similar concerns, there was a large digital divide in online experiences. Both groups implemented strategies to reduce social media use, with young people believing that having short technology-free breaks during prayer and quality family time was beneficial for their mental well-being. Conclusions: Programs that address technology-related harms must acknowledge the benefits of social media for young Muslims across identity, belonging, representation, and social connection. Further research is required to understand how parents and young people can create environments that foster technology-free breaks to support mental well-being.Yayın The good, the bad and the hijab: A study of implicit associations made by practicing Muslims in their native Muslim country(SAGE, 2022) Jordan, Timothy R.; Jordan, Timothy R.; Sheen, Mercedes; Yekani, Hajar Aman Key; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü; İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji BölümüRecent research indicates that wearing the hijab reduces the attractiveness of female faces perceived by practicing Muslim men and women in their native Muslim country (the United Arab Emirates). The purpose of the current research was to develop this finding to investigate whether other aspects of person perception are also affected when women wear the hijab in this Muslim country. Of particular relevance is that changes in physical attractiveness often affect the personal qualities assigned to individuals. Accordingly, we sought to determine whether such effects occur when the physical attractiveness of women is altered by wearing the hijab. To do this, we used an Implicit Association Test (IAT) to investigate how native Muslim participants in the UAE associated pleasant and unpleasant connotations with images of women either wearing the hijab or with their heads uncovered. As in previous research with native Muslim participants, female faces were again perceived as significantly less attractive when the hijab was worn. However, the accompanying IAT findings showed that these less attractive hijab-wearing images were associated more with pleasant connotations than were the matched uncovered images. These findings provide fresh insight into the effects of the hijab on perceptions of Muslim women in a Muslim country and provide support for the view that cultural clothing can influence person perception beyond physical attractiveness alone.Yayın An explanatory machine learning framework for studying pandemics: The case of COVID-19 emergency department readmissions(Elsevier, 2022) Delen, Dursun; Delen, Dursun; Davazdahemami, Behrooz; Zolbanin, Hamed M.; Delen, Dursun; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme BölümüOne of the major challenges that confront medical experts during a pandemic is the time required to identify and validate the risk factors of the novel disease and to develop an effective treatment protocol. Traditionally, this process involves numerous clinical trials that may take up to several years, during which strict preventive measures must be in place to control the outbreak and reduce the deaths. Advanced data analytics techniques, however, can be leveraged to guide and speed up this process. In this study, we combine evolutionary search algorithms, deep learning, and advanced model interpretation methods to develop a holistic exploratory- predictive-explanatory machine learning framework that can assist clinical decision-makers in reacting to the challenges of a pandemic in a timely manner. The proposed framework is showcased in studying emergency department (ED) readmissions of COVID-19 patients using ED visits from a real-world electronic health records database. After an exploratory feature selection phase using genetic algorithm, we develop and train a deep artificial neural network to predict early (i.e., 7-day) readmissions (AUC = 0.883). Lastly, a SHAP model is formulated to estimate additive Shapley values (i.e., importance scores) of the features and to interpret the magnitude and direction of their effects. The findings are mostly in line with those reported by lengthy and expensive clinical trial studies.Yayın An explanatory analytics framework for early detection of chronic risk factors in pandemics(Elsevier, 2022) Delen, Dursun; Delen, Dursun; Davazdahemami, Behrooz; Zolbanin, Hamed M.; Delen, Dursun; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İşletme BölümüTimely decision-making in national and global health emergencies such as pandemics is critically important from various aspects. Especially, early identification of risk factors of contagious viral diseases can lead to efficient management of limited healthcare resources and saving lives by prioritizing at-risk patients. In this study, we propose a hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) framework to identify major chronic risk factors of novel, contagious diseases as early as possible at the time of pandemics. The proposed framework combines evolutionary search algorithms with machine learning and the novel explanatory AI (XAI) methods to detect the most critical risk factors, use them to predict patients at high risk of mortality, and analyze the risk factors at the individual level for each high-risk patient. The proposed framework was validated using data from a repository of electronic health records of early COVID-19 patients in the US. A chronological analysis of the chronic risk factors identified using our proposed approach revealed that those factors could have been identified months before they were determined by clinical studies and/or announced by the United States health officials.
