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Yayın Effects of policy reforms on firm innovation(Springer International Publishing, 2022) Şeker, Murat; Ulu, Mehmet FatihThe regulatory environment in a country is an important factor that affects firm performance. This study investigates the impact of a particular regulation—license requirements for certain firm activities—on the innovation performance of Indian firms in the 1990s. Using a unique firm-level panel data set, it shows that the removal of license requirements led to an eight percentage points higher innovation rate within two years following the reform. We measure innovation as the introduction of new product varieties that had not been produced by the firm before. It takes a longer time for firms to innovate in industries in which they were not producing before. The findings of this study are also robust to the inclusion of controls for other policy reforms that occurred during the period of licensing reform. They also persist in tests with different subgroups of firms and with the use of alternative estimation methods.Yayın Is trade against or in favour of women? Empirical evidence from manufacturing sector in Turkey(Marmara Üniversitesi, 2021) Genç İleri, Şerife; Ulu, Mehmet Fatih; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat BölümüThis paper studies the effect of trade openness on relative wage earnings of female workers in Turkey’s manufacturing sector. We compute the export intensity of a sector by dividing the export value to production value as our measure of trade openness. Using Structure of Earnings Survey data for 2010 and 2014, we estimate the impact of export intensity on the gender wage gap. Our results indicate that a onepercentage point increase in the export intensity of a sector leads to a 0.17 percent higher gender wage gap. We further investigate the trade-gender wage gap link by grouping the sectors into four quartiles according to their export intensities. Our estimations for each quartile reinforce our finding of a negative impact of trade on the male-female wage inequality. Lastly, we analyze how the wage gap between men and women change according to skill levels. In line with the previous findings in the literature, we estimate a higher wage discrimination against high-skill women.Yayın Sermaye hareketlerinin bankaların likidite ve kârlılıklarına etkisi(Marmara Üniversitesi, 2018) Genç İleri, Şerife; Ulu, Mehmet Fatih; Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, İktisat BölümüBu çalışma farklı türdeki sermaye hareketlerinin bankaların likiditelerini ve kârlılıklarını nasıl etkilediğini incelemektedir. Portföy girişleri banka likiditesini anlamlı bir şekilde arttırsa da pozitif bir etki doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları için geçerli değildir. Yerli ve yabancı bankalar sermaye akımlarının banka likiditesini etkilemesi açısından birbirlerinden farklılaşmaktadırlar. Yurtiçi bankaların talepleri kaynaklı etkiyi dışlayıp sadece yurtdışından gelen arz etkisini anlamak için küresel risk iştahı endeksi 4 **** (VIX) sermaye hareketlerini temsil eden bir araç değişken olarak kullanıldığında, banka likiditesi üzerindeki etki daha da belirginleşmektedir.